Winter '20 / '21 - 20th Annual 'Season-total' Snowfall Forecast Contest: Call for Forecasts!

NEWxSFC/s Director of Season-total Snowfall Forecasting

Here comes winter with its oscillating Arctic and North Atlantic indexes ... sudden stratosphere warmings ... so-so ENSO ... and if we/re lucky .... an endless parade of 'Miller A' LOWs raking the eastern seaboard.

NE.Wx/s 20th Annual ‘Season-total' Snowfall Forecast Contest is the absolute best ... biggest ... and possibly ONLY chance to be recognized for your astute long-range forecasting acumen ;/

And it's s-o-o easy.
Cool prizes ... too!

All you have to do is issue the best forecast for the 'season-total' snowfall at 25 east coast stations between RDU and CAR!

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Forecast element:
season-total snowfall @ each station

Forecast period:
01-DEC-20 through 31-MAR-21

Error statistic: total absolute error
[Σ abs(forecast - observed)]

Verification:
NWS climate reports (CLM or CF6)

Low. Score. Wins.

Deadline for entries: MON ... 30-NOV-20 @ 11:59 PM EST (01-DEC-20 @ 4:59 UTC)

Visit the Contest's website to enter your forecast.
Follow the link at the top right corner of the page to 'Enter Season-total Forecast.'

Update your forecast as often as you want prior to the deadline.
Only your last entry gets verified.

Winter '20 / '21 - Temperature and Precipitation Characteristics for CONUS During La Niña Winters Since 1950

No surprise ... all cool ENSO winters are not created equal.
Some are weak or moderate or strong.
Some associated with QBO-East and some with QBO-West.

During the analysis period between 1950 and 2012 ... most La Niña winters occurred with QBO-E.
Of the winters depicted below ... 15 of the 21 (~71%) were QBO-E.

QBO for winter '20 / '21 will be west.
Probably a moderate La Niña through mid-winter.

 

Winter '20 / '21 - Season-total Snowfall Anomalies During La Nina Winters

 Taken at face value M-A snow crows suffer the most ...

The NOAA analysis of Rutgers' Global Snow Lab data does not account for the different categories of La Nina episodes (weak ... moderate ... strong) and it has an end date of 12 years ago.  Since then ... there have been three La Nina winters - '10 / '11 ... '11 / '12 ... and '17 / '18.

Relative to season-total snowfall at 28 NEWxSFC stations ...
'10 / '11 - well above average (moderate La Nina)
'11 / '12 - well  below average (weak La Nina)
'17 / '18 - above average (weak La Nina)

 Image courtesy NOAA Climate

Winter '20 / '21 - Outlooks

Thread updated periodically as new outlooks and forecasts become available from a variety of credible sources.

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CDC - NOV ...

Winter '20 / '21 - Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI): Analog Composites of 500 mb Height and 2-meter Temperature Anomalies ... as of SEP / OCT-20

 Analogs and weights for composites:
'70 / '71 (24)
'07 / '08 (5)
'88 / '89 (1)
'95 / '96 (1)
'64 / '65 (1)

 We assess the MEI analog winters with the upcoming winter/s expected states of ENSO (moderate-to-strong La Nina) ... QBO-W ... and (cool) PDO.

Seeing how statistical and dynamic models predict a moderate La Nina this winter ... '64 / '65 and '95 / '96 don/t match the expectation which leaves '70 / '71 ... '07 / '08 ... and '88 / '89 as problem children.

Two concerns about the utility of winters '70 / '71 ... '07 / '08 ... and '88 / '89 ...
Two analogs depict a late winter La Nina intensification (vice expected fade) ... all three had QBO - E contrary to this winter's QBO-W ... and sadly no composites nor forecast guidance. 

MEI analog data table (unranked)
Analog statistic (not shown):  sum of squared errors

The MEI is based on five variables:
Sea level pressure (SLP)
Sea surface temperature (SST)
Surface zonal winds (U)
Surface meridional winds (V)
Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR)

Winter '20 / '21 - North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO): Analog Composites of 500 mb Height and 2-meter Temperature Anomalies ... as of OCT-20

Analogs and weights for composites:
'61 / '62 (2)
'91 / '92 (0)
'95 / '96 (0)
'99 / '00 (1)
'03 / '04 (0).

Two analogs averaged < 0 over D-J-F
Three analogs averaged > 0 over D-J-F
Little in the way of consensus which isn/t especially unusual for analogs.

We assess NAO/s analog winters with the upcoming winter/s expected states of ENSO (moderate-to-strong La Nina) ... QBO-W ... and (cool) PDO.

Recall ... '95 / '96 of 'Storm of the Century' fame was one of the better winter/s evah; however ... despite its weak La Nina profile ... its QBO-E and warm PDO eliminates the strongest calculated match for Winter '20 / '21 from the running.  Analog weight:  0

'91 / '92 drops out as well b/c its winter had a strong a El Niño ... QBO-E ... and a warm PDO.  The '03/'04 La Nada winter doesn't make the cut either.  Analog weights:  0

The two remaining winters '61 / '62 and '99 / '00 are strong analogs for Winter '20 / '21.  Both were moderate La Nina (per MEI) ... QBO-W < 10 ... and a cool PDO.  '61 / '62 set snowfall records in more than a few stations. Analog weight: 2

Season-total snowfall for '99 / '00 was above average for southern mid-Atlantic stations and generally below average elsewhere.  Analog weight:  1

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The 500 mb and 2m T weighted analyses below are based on the winters of '61 / '62 and '99 / '00.

North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) analog composites of 500 mb (5H) geopotential height anomalies (GPHa) and 2-meter air temperature anomalies (2m Ta) for Winter '20 / '21.

5H GPHa weighted-composite

Main features:
La Nina ridge over SE CONUS
-PNA
Positive geopotential height anomaly south of Greenland ==> -NAO (??? lo-lat action center)
Storm track across northern CONUS

2m Ta weighted-composite

Main features:
Above normal temperature across the Deep South and SE CONUS
Cold AK ==> warm East

NAO analog data table (unranked)
Analog statistic (not shown):  sum of squared errors

Winter '20 / '21 - Arctic Oscillation (AO): Analog Composites of 500 mb Height and 2-meter Temperature Anomalies ... as of OCT-20

 Analog years and weights for composites:
'89 / '90 (3) ... '90 / '91 (2) ... '97 / '98 (2) ... '02 / '03 (1) ... and '15 / '16 (1).

Sadly ... all analog years were +ENSO winters; not something expected this season so they're of limited utility.

Arctic Oscillation (AO) analog composites of 500 mb (5H) geopotential height anomalies (GPHa) and 2-meter air temperature anomalies (2m Ta) for Winter '20 / '21.

5H GPHa weighted-composite

2m Ta weighted-composite

AO analog data table (unranked)
Analog statistic (not shown):  sum of squared errors

Winter '20 / '21 - Eurasia Snow Cover: OCT

~ 11,000,000 SQ-KM

 

Under-performing all year ... 

6% above P-O-RN (~10,320,000 SQ-KM)
9% above median (~10,080,000 SQ-KM)
Period-of-Record:  53 years
Rank: 19th

2nd lowest past 10 years
16 of past 20 years above P-O-R-N

OCT-19:  ~12,700,000 SQ-KM
OCT-20:  14% less than last year

Eurasia snow analog years offer little if any guidance given this winter should have cool ENSO / PDO and QBO-W.

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P-O-RN ==> period-of-record normal

Data courtesy Rutgers University Global Snow Lab
http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/index.php